The Canadian Railroader Weekly. Vol. 1 No. 21: August 23, 1919

A Neui0jjaju>r iruotrb to tljr Urlfarr of AU Wovkno bg faith ot Iraitt

<T‘-

mccill

SEUVICE DEMRTMENT

Official Organ of

THE FIFTH SUNDAY MEETING ASSOCIATION OFCANADA

Vol. I — No. 21

MONTREAL, AUGUST 23rd, 1919

Price :

$2.00 per
year.

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The Gazette’s” Answer

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W E are very grateful to 1 the cause of organized labor. This,
The Montreal Gazette however, does not affect the main

for publishing our * ssue which is that so many mem-

views concerning the incorpora- 1>ers (lf unions are ready to disre-

tion of unions. We hope that g * r<1 the f on( j itions o£ agreements,

every trade unionist reads The
Gazette, but in case some
might have missed the editorial,
commenting upon our article’
which appeared in the August
20th issue of The Gazette, we
are very glad to publish it in
full herewith.

often sought for them by their own
representatives, that a bargain with
a labor organization is not necessa-
rily an assurance that the employer
concerned therein can depend on
its terms being fulfilled. He may,
as many in Winnipeg and other
cities have lately learned, have his
establishment closed on account of
a dispute with which neither he,
others in his line of production, nor
anyone in his locality, have any
direct concern. That state of affairs
is not an embodiment of justice, and
those who oppose even the sugges-
tion of a remedy are thinking more

of

There are two errors of judg-

ment in this editorial. The first
lies in the retort 4 4 that the feel-
ing on the part of the conserv-
ative members that they had
property at stake might make
them more assertive and so, pos-
sibly, prevent some strikes such
as those in Winnipeg recently
which caused such hurt to the
cause of organized labor .’ 9 Our
reply to this is that there would
be no conservative members to
exercise the restraint.. In the
recent strike of the actors
damage suits have been prepar-
ed that aggregate two million
dollars. The publicity given to
this extraordinary situation
would be sufficient to drive
every property owning trade
unionist out of the union in
twenty-four hours. The simple
fact is that there would be no
conservative members to put up
a fight for conservative policies.

The second misconception
may be found in the statement
‘'That state of affairs is notan

The Canadian Railroader, which
speaks for an important division of
organized labor in Canada, deals at
length with the fact that it is prac-
tically impossible to hold trades

unions responsible for the agree ,

ments they make with employers or of other things -than they do
for damages incurred through strikes justice 99
that by the regulations of the unions 1
themselves are often illegal. To the'
suggestion that action might be
taken to remedy this state of affairs
under which only one party to a la-
bor bargain is effectively bound, I
through the inc rporation of the
unions, the Railroader declares that
labor will never accept it. The rea-
sons for this position are put plain-
ly. They are that under incorpora-
tion the funds of the organizations
would be subject to federal laws,
and there would be responsibility
for each individual member of the
organizations concerned in a strike
which invodved the breaking of an
agreement. It is suggested further
that if such a law ihould be enacted
it would tend to put control of the
unions into the hands of the more
wild and reckless, through its caus-
ing the older and economical mem-
bers to give up their membership
through fear of losing such property
as they may have accumulated. In
reply to this latter suggestion it
might be retorted that the feeling
on the part of the conservative mem-
bers that they had property at stake
might make them more assertive
and bo, possibly, prevent some There has been an epidemic of “Get-rich-quick ” promoters and < ‘ WUd-

m ' C . h - r th ° 3 j m v Whmi P»* eat ” *a>esmen in the United States and the Saturday Evening Post in the
recently wb.ch caused such hurt to ' above cartoon depicts the haul of « ‘ sucker ’

embodiment of justice, and
those who oppose even the sug-
gestion of a remedy are think-
ing more of other things than
they do of justice.” It is true
that we oppose the remedy sug-
gested by The Gazette, but it is
not a fact that merely because
we happened to be in opposition
to this particular proposal that
we are “ thinking more of other
tilings than that of justice.”
We merely felt it our duty to
j the Canadian people to place
our special knowledge of the
Canadian Labor Movement be-
fore the people in an effort to
prove that the policy of The
Gazette, however well inten-
tioned, would inevitably defeat
the very aims and objects for
which we are all striving — in*
dustrial peace and security.

No one who has read the Can-
adian Railroader can possibly
be ignorant of the fact that
from the very beginnig we have
advocated legislation and re-
forms which would be in the
interest and for the common
good of all the people. Our cry
has been that the nation can-
not advance unless all classes
prosper, and that both labor
and capital have need to shape
their course so that the defence
less public will not be victimiz-
ed or made to suffer by one or
the other, or both, of the two
contending groups.

The situation which develop-
ed in Winnipeg was not a
trades union upheaval. It was
an organization composed of re-
turned soldiers and workers,
and non-unionists, who organiz-
ed not a trades unionist move-
ment but a sociological and po-
litical organization. Every in-
ternational trades union repu-
diated the work of the new or*
sranization. Every effort was
made by every international
official connected with the in-
ternational unionist movement
to induce the workers with
(Continued on pkge 9.)

Page 2

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

August 23rd, 1919.

T HE Liberal programme devised
on August 5, »>, 7 contained
many progressive features and ad-
mirable items and was a radical
production for a convention com-
posed in the main of the moderately
prosperous elements of the com-
munity. Of course it bears all the
earmarks of the influence of the
movements of the organized farm-
ers, which are in rural Canada
obviously eating into the strength
of the two historic parties.

The Liberals have evidently
made up their mind after their ex-
periences of 1911 that they have
nothing to hope for from the Ma-
nufacturers ’ Association and have
decided to become the “country”
party. They have made a long ap-
proach to meet the programme of
the Canadian Council of Agricul-
ture and are now anxiously waiting
to see that the response will be.

On many points there is a possi-
bility of harmonious cooperation,
and it would be a great misfortune
if there occurred at once election
contests in which Liberal and farm-
er candidates were found cutting
one another’s throats. Too many
farmers are prone to believe that
everyone dwelling within the con-
fines of a city or town is a greedy
capitalist, who lives a life of Sybar-
itic luxury and Babylonian iniquity
on the plunder exacted from the
toiling agriculturists ,and has not an
atom of sympathy with the latter’s
struggles and aspirations.

raLfta&i?'

A False Picture.

It is an interesting pirture, but
it is quite false. In every urban
communty in Canada there are large
groups of men, who have a deep un-
derstanding and sympathy with the
viewpoint of the farmer, who believe
that agriculture has in years goue oy
been shamefully neglected and load-
ed down wit honerous burdens and
who hold that the only salvation of
Canada lies in a complete change of
economic outlook and policy and a
concerted effort to build up a pro-
sperous and attractive rural civiliz-
ation.

Some of the ablest presentment
of the farmers’ case has come from
men who never were on a farm on
their lives. Now it is this large and
growing body of urban opinion
which has forced the Liberal party
to adopt the major part of the farm-
ers’ programme — the step was not
taken with any enthusiasm by the
old professional politicians and ex-
perts of the machine. They would
have preferred a platform which
offered better prospects of copious
party funds from the overflowing
treasuries of our corporations. But
if there immediately arises a bitter
conflict between the Liberals and
the farmers in the constituencies, a
deadly blow will be dealt at the pro-
gressive elements in the Liberal
party. They will immediately be

told by the gentlemen of the 1 1 in a
chine”: “There you are, we knew
it, no matter how far you go, you
cannot appease these farmers”.

Reaction Would Flourish

There would be little answer to
this indictment and reaction would
flourish apace in the Liberal party,
which, after all, is very strongly
entrenched in Quebec and the Ma-
ritime Provinces, containing 40 per
cent of the seats in the country.
What the Liberals deserve is a chan-
ce whereby the sincerity of their
professions may be tested. If they
show the slightest signs of repeat-
ing the backsliding performances
which distinguished their regime
from 1900 onwards, they must be
given short shrift by these forces
in the country, which are bent on
ending the present muddle and ex-
ploitation.

The considerations referred to
apply equally to the labor as to the
agrarian movement. It is not for a
moment suggested that the farmers’
organizations and the Labor party
should make any hard and fast
alliance with Liberalism, even in
the latter’s present progressive
mood, or meekly yield even for a
space their own plans and aspira-
tions ta suit the convenience of of-
ficial Liberals. But they should
avoid needless quarrels ana bicker-
ings and seek opportunities of coo-
peration rather than occasions for
conflict.

One Barrier Exists

There is, however, one barrier to
successful and thorough coopera-
tion between the Liberal and the
agrarian and Tabor movements. Of
the delegates who assembled in Ot-
to wn for the Liberal Convention on
August 5, only a mere fraction had
ever contemplated or were prepared
to countenance an economic and so-
cial regime of which the existing
system of capitalistic investment
and production for profit was not
the keystone. Now the finer spirits
and many of the leaders in the agra-
rian and labor movements have be-
fore their eyes, dimly in many
cases, a vision which seeks to sub-
stitute the ideal or the cooperative
commonwealth for the capitalistic
system.

They decline to believe that the
latter is the last word in civiliza-
tion; they believe that, whereas it
was of manifest utility inthe early
days of the industrial revolution, ii
has now more or less outlived its
day; it has become an object of cri-
ticism and hostility on the part of
large masses of people who believe
it fails to yield them a fair share
of the good things of this earth. It
is being attacked on every side, and
the uncompromising attitude which
many of its leading champions ass-
ume by way of defence, is directly
responsible for the continual spread
of that form of proletarian revolt,

which the motor-owning classes of
the world call Bolshevism. There
is grave danger to-day in the world
of a universal revolt in all countries
of the industrial masses, which
whether it succeeded or failed would
ensure a train of events calculated
to bring grave damage and discredit
to our civilization. Now the advoc-
ates of the substitution of cooper-
ation in production and distribution
desire to avert the shock of such an
upheaval and provide a means of
transtition from the present order
of things to a more satisfactory
civilization.

Ills Go Much Deeper.

The average Liberal in Canada
has the idea that the present eco-
nomic order can be rid of its im-
perfections by a few judicious re-
forms and so altered as to bring a
large modicum of happiness and
prosperity to every citizen of Can-
ada. He thinks that the safe restor-
ation of political democracy by a
fair franchise and improved electoral
machinery, coupled with downward
revision of the tariff, will allay all
the ills and relieve all the burdens
under which the country groans.

But our present evils go far deep-
er than any temporary perversion
of democracy for electioneering
purposes and profiteering of tariff-
protected combines. As a community
we have reached the state described
thus by Mr. J. A. Hobson in his
“ Democracy after the War”:

“Where the product of industry
and commerce is so divided that
wages are low, while profits, inter-
est and rent are relatively high, the
small purchasing power of the masses
sets a limit on the home market
for most staple commodities. The
staple manufacturers, therefore,
working with modern mechanical
methods that continually increase
the pace of the output are in every
country compelled to look more and
more for export trade and to hustle
and compete for markets in the
backward countries of the world.
Just as the home market was restrict-
ed by a distribution of wealth which
left the mass of the people with
inadequate power to purchase and
consume, while the minority who
had the purchasing power either
wanted to use it in other ways or to
save it and apply it to an increased
production which still further con-
gested the home markets, so likewise
with the world markets... Closely
linked with this practical limita-
tion of the expansion of markets for
goods in the limitation of profitable
fields of investment. The limitation
of home markets implies a corres-
ponding limitation in the invest-
ment of fresh capital in the trades
supplying these markets”.

Home Market Poor

Could there be a more accurate
picture of our present economic
condition? We have a distribution
of wealth which leaves the mass of
the people with inadequate power to
purchase and consume; as a result
our manufacturers and business
mandarins find the home market for
many staple commodities distinctly

poor. Hence the pressure on the
Government to finance the export
and sale of manufactured goods to
Rouinania, Greece and other coun-
tries. The bankers see that there is
now a limitation of fields of domes-
tic investment, productive of such
high profits as they desire. Hence
our stronger banks are sending their
emissaries far and wide in search
of strategic locations to establish
branches from which new business
in foreign countries can be tapped.

Our financial kings have no use
for the ideal of a “National Po-
licy” in banking; they are cosmo-
politans and free traders in money
in the broadest sense. Our chartered
banks, however, are the corner-stones
of the existing economic system and
the success of their operations for
their shareholders is no guarantee
of their efficacy to the general
community.

No Longer Accepted .

The competitive capitalist system
which our bankers and manufactur-
ers will fight to the last ditch to
defend, is based fundamentally on a
financial perversion of the law of
supply and demand. It sets up the
claim that there exists an intrinsic
relation between needs or require-
ment and legitimate price or ex-
change value. But this theory is no
longer accepted in connection with
monopoly values in respect of pub-
lic utility undertakings to provide
light, water and transportation.
Taking his stand on an economic
system based on this assumed rela-
tion, the capitalistic producer will
only sell his product for a sum in
excess of what it cost him, receiv-
ing payment through the agency
of money in its various forms of
cash or financial credit.

Money and credit may be defined
as any medium which has reached
such a degree of aceptability that
no matter what n is made of or
why people want it, no one will re-
fuse it in exchange for his product.

So long as these definitions hold
good, it is clear that the possession
of money or financial credit con-
vertible into money establishes an
absolute lien on the services of

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August 23rd, 1919.

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Page 3

others in direct proportion to the
fraction of the whole stock con-
trolled, and, further, that the whole
stock of financial wealth, inclusive
of credit, in the world, should by
the definition be sufficient to bal-
ance the aggregate book price of
the world ’s material assets and pros-
pective production. It is commonly
assumed that the banks regulate the
figures of wealth by the creation
of credits representing the mobiliza-
tion value of such assets. This value
is for financial purposes the trans-
fer or selling price, but bears not
the slightest relation to the usage
value of the article thus appraised.

System of Figures

Now the book value of the world’s
stocks is always greater than the
apparent financial ability to liquid-
ate them, because these book vaues
include credits already mobilized.
Therefore the creation of subsidiary
financial media in the guise of bank
credits becomes imperative and re-
sults in the piling up of a system of
figures which the accountant calls
capital, but which are in reality
merely a function of prices. The
inevitable effect of this process is
to decrease progressively the pur-
chasing power of money, or, in other
words, to concentrate the lien on
the services of others, which money
gives, in the hands of those whose
rate of increase is most rapid.

The process of the concentration j
of wealth under the existing system
is logically inevitable and is pro-
ceeding with ever increasing rapid-
ity. Parallel with this there is a
centralisation of personal control
of the productive and distributive
machinery, which has probably been
carried to greater perfection in Can-
ada than in any other country.

Creditism The Word

The truth is that the word ca-
pitalism is now a misnomer ; the
driving force of the system which,
more than any single cause, has pro-
duced the tangle of unrest and con-
fusion in which the world is now
plunged* is creditism.

Consider for a moment the growth
of credit in Canada. It is probable
that what may be called our nation-
al plant has deteriorated very con-
siderably since 1914, but the amount
of paper money and bonds, which
are simply insignia of credit stand-
ing, to be liquidated by the Can-

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adian people, has enormously in-
creased in that period. The real
wealth of the country has only in-
creased by a small fraction, but the
credit wealth of the country has
increased by leaps and bounds.

The increment; it is true, is con-
centrated in comparatively few
hands, thanks to the operations ~of
our existing financial system. But
it is patent that the community
creates all the credit capital there
is, and it is high time that it as-
sumed some control of the commodity
it creates. There is no hope of bet-
ter times for the people of Canada
till this problem of the control of
credit by a limited number of estim-
able gentlemen, who, however will-
ing they may be to subsidize col-
leges and art galleries, are not no-
torious for devotion to the economic
interests of the plain folk of Can-
ada, is boldly tackled and solved
by some political party or other.

There is nothing whatever to pre-
vent the community entering into
control of its own creation and mak-
ing use to it to its own great profit.
The Commonwealth of Australia
some years ago established a Com-
monwealth Bank which started with
no backing save the credit of the
community and the prospect of gov-

ernment deposits. Its inevitable and
hopeless failure was prophesied by |
every private financier in the oun-
try, but it has belied all these
gloomy forebodings, has gone ahead
fro mstrength to strength and is now
the most powerful financial institu-
tion in Australia It gives the Aus-
tralian people some control over
their credit system, and through it
of their economic destiuies. The
question of the repayment of the war
debt is closely entangled with the
problem of control of credit and to-
gether they are the most important

which confront the country.

_ J

But a great convention of a na- j

tional party passed them both over
in silence and concentrated its at-
tention on matters which are mere-
ly biproducts and effervescences of j
the larger evil.

J. A. S.

n

A REFERENDUM OF

STEEL WORKERS

To force union recognition, a na i
tion-wide strike in the steel indus- 1
try is now being voted upon by the j
membership of the twenty-four in- j
ternational unions that are cooperat-
ing to organize the industry. The j
National Committee for Organizing*

Iron and Steel Workers recommend-
ed the strike vote, stating that the
action was made necessary by the
refusal of Judge E. H. Gary, chair-
man of the board of directors of the
United States Steel Corporation, to
reply to a letter from Samuel Goin-
pers asking for a conference with
the steel heads for the purpose of
working out an agreement covering
wages, hours and working condi-
tions in the steel mills.

Meanwhile the denial of free
speech to organizers of the American
Federation of Labor continues in
Western Pennsylvania. At Braddock,
on July 6, five organizers were ar-
rested for participating in a street
meeting after a permit had been de-
nied. The same day William Z. Fos-
ter, secretary of the National Com-
imttee for Organizing Iron and Steel
Workers, and J. L. Beaghen, a gene-
ral organizer of the American Fede-
ration of Labor, were arrested in
Homestead for speaking on the
street after the chief of police had
Informed them that no meetings
would be permitted. They were con-
victed of violating a city ordinance
and fined. The case will be taken to
a higher court.

Out of the 500,000 workers who are
directly connected with the steel in-
dustry, more than 100,000 are now
organized, largely owing to the ef-
forts during the past year of the
National Committee for Organizing
Iron and Steel Workers. This com-
mittee is now headed by John Fitz-
patirek, president of the Chicago
Federation of Labor, elected to fill
the place of Samuel Gompers, who
resigned upon his recent departure
for Europe.

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Page 4

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

August 23rd, 1919.

COST OF LIVING

IS UNREST CAUSE

So Reports Snecial Commission of the U. S. National
Industrial Conference Board. — British Working
* Classes Opposed Direct Action.

The most practical cause of the
present industrial unrest in Great
Britain, France and Italy is the rise
in the cost of living, is the interim
report of the special commission of
the U. S. National Industrial Con-
ference Board, which visited those
countries last spring for the purpose
of studying the industrial situation
there.

In Great Britain, the Commission
says that although laborers are very
largely organized, there is a great
body of conservative workingmen
who have a fundamental respect for
law and order. While they may have
been touched by the revolutionary
ideas, they are directly opposed to
any overturning of the existing so-
cial system. There is, however, a
minority that is both enterprising
and noisy and who appear opposed have admittedly been to* blame in

order. As a consequence, although
advanced radicalism is proposing the
general strike and nationalization,
it may be safely concluded that bol-
shevism is not likely to produce se-
rious disturbance in these coun-
tries”. In Great Britain, however,
the new Labor organizations that
have recently sprung up are con-
trolled by radicals, and they are of
a revolutionary character. Their
leaders are urging this radical class
to break away from the restraints of
the more conservative Labor unions.

The commission reports that em-
ployers in Europe are beginning to
realize the seriousness of the situa-
tion, especially in Great Britain.
They are searching for methods to
meet the problems that face them.
British employers, the report finds,

to calm and cool discussion, adopt-
ing a more radical revolutionary
programme. They seek the immediate
nationalization of essential indus-
tries and the general “ democratic”
"control of industry as well as of the
State. They advocate drastic mea-
sures of taxation upon capital and
a complete change in the ownership
of land. »

The radicals and the moderates in
British Labor differ, the commission
reports, especially in their methods
of action. The moderates are willing
to proceed according to the constitu-
tion of their unions; they are willing
to gain their ends by a step-by-step
movement. The radicals will not
brook restraint, but are for the im-
mediate “direct” action. The most
typical representatives of the radical
Labor element are to be found in
the Triple Alliance, which is made
up of the organized workers among
the coal miners, the transport work-
ers, and the railway men. This is the
dangerous element in England to-
day, the commission says, and must
be brought under control to avoid
industrial disaster.

In France, while there is a large
socialistic element which has a num-
ber of deputies in the assembly,
“the chief Labor organization has
officially recognized an economic
relation between wages and pro-
ductive efficiency” The war has
united France as she was not united *
before. 1 4*

The commission reports that in £
Italy the laborers are not largely t
unionized. The radicals dominate
the unions and in case of disputes
usually control the conservative ele-
ment. “In general, it was found in
Great Britain, France and Italy that
a very large percentage of the work-
ing classes were opposed to methods
of force or to action against law and

part for the existing discontent
among their workingmen. Previous
to the war they had not been suffi-
ciently interested in the working
conditions or in the general attitude
of their employees.

METHODS OF MEAT CONTROL
USED BY AMERICANS PACK-
ERS AS SET FORTH BY
THE FEDERAL TRADE
COMMISSION

The United States Federal Trade
Commission, in its report to Presid-
ent Wilson on the packing industry,
makes these specific charges con-
cerning the “manner in which the
meat combination works now”:

1. That Swift & Co., Armour &
Co., Morris & Co., Wilson & Co., Inc.,
and the Cudahy Packing Company
are in an agreement for the division
of live stock purchases throughout
the United States according to cer-
tain fixed percentages.

That this national live stock di-
vision is reinforced by local agree-
ments among the members of the
general combination operating at
each of the principal markets, as at
Denver, where Armour and Swift
divide their live stock “fifty-fifty”.

That these national and local live
stock purchase agreements constitute
a restraint of interstate commerce
in live animals and in the sale of
meats and other animal products,
stifling competition among the five
companies, substantially controlling
the prices to be paid to live stock
producers and the prices to be charg-
ed to consumers of meat and other
animal products and giving the
members of the combination unfair
and illegal advantages over actual
and potential competitors.

2. That the five companies ex-

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MONTREAL

Canada s Leading Printers

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change confidential information
which is not made available to their
competitors and employ jointly paid
agents to secure information which
is used to control and manipulate
live stock markets.

3. That the five companies act
collusively, through their buyers in
the purchase of live stock, their
specific collusive activities embrac-
ing:

(a) “Split-shipments” purchases,
whereby, through the interchange
of information, the split lots are
made to sell at the same price on
different markets regardless of how
many packers aie involved in mark-
eting the purchase.

(b) “Part purchases”, whereby
two or more packers join in pur-
chasing the live stock of one shipper
or producer, each taking a part of
a shipment at the same price.

(c) “Wiring on”, whereby a
shipper who forwards his live stock
from one market to another for the
purpose of securing a better price
is punished regardless of which
packer he sells to in the second
market.

(d) Making the daF v market,
whereby a common live stock buy-
ing policy for all the big packers
at the principal markets substan-
tially controls the basic prices to be
paid throughout the United States.

Late buying, where all the buyers
of the big packers stay out of the
market for one or more hours after
the opening for the purpose of de-
pressing prices, is one of the means
in making the market.

4. That Swift & Co., Armour &
Co., Morris & Co., and Wilson & Co.,
Inc., through their subsidiary and
controlled companies in South Amer-
ica, combined with certain other
companies to restrict and control
shipments of beef and other meats
from South America to the United
States and other countries.

5. That the five companies — Swift
& Co., Armour & Co., Morris & Co.,
Wilson & Co., Inc., and the Cudahy
Packing Company— act collusively in
the sale of fresh meat, their specific
collusive activities embracing:

(a) Exchange of information re-
garding “margins” realized in the
sale of meat;

(b) Inspection of one another’s
stocks of fresh meats; and

(c) Joint action in underselling
independent competitors by a system
of rotation, each of the members of
the combination in turn assuming
the burden of cutting prices to the
competitor’s customers.

6. That there is a joint combina-
tion regarding funds expended under
secret control to influence public
opinion and Government action, and
thus to maintain the power of their
combination.

7. That the agreements, under-
standings, and pools hereinbefore re-
cited are reinforced by the commun-
ity of interest among the five com-
panies above named through joint
ownership, either corporate or indi-
vidual, of various enterprises. Two
or more of the five interests thus
have joint ownership or representa-
tion in 108 concerns, as far as ascer-
tained to July, 1918.

August 23rd, 1919.

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Page 5

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C. P. R. Co-operation and Service

Another illustration of the reason for the efficiency of
the C.P.R., and the fine co-operation between the Company
and its employees, is found in a letter which has just been
issued to all C. P. R. conductors by Mr. Alfred Price, General
Manager. Team-work means the service which the C. P. R.
gives, and this team-work is secured, not by any arbitrary
ordering of things, but by such kindly and co-operative
methods as the letter referred to, and which is here given in
fttll : —

Letter Issued By General Manager To All Conductors of

Company.

Mr. Conductor, Can. Pac. Ry.

Dear Sir: —

This letter is being addressed to all passenger Conduct-
ors on Eastern Lines, but it is nevertheless intended as a
very personal message to you.

Ever since the early eighties when its passenger train
service was first inaugurated, the courtesy of Canadian Pac-
ific Railway Conductors and other train and station em-
ployees has been proverbial. Even from the beginning prac-
tically all employees who had to deal directly with the pub-
lic took a pride in the new enterprise and the reputation for
courtesy established by the pioneers in the service has been
perpetuated by the newer and younger men.

The responsibilities you have to assume and the many
duties you have to perform are fully appreciated. It is well
understood that in addition to conforming to numerous
exacting train rules, you have jurisdiction over employees
and the care of every passenger on your train, and that there
are many things to worry, perplex and annoy you. It is
common knowledge that occasionally there are unreason*
able, disagreeable and even quarrelsome people to deal with,
and under such circumstances it is extremely hard to main-
tain one's equanimity. It is however, in just such a situa-
J* tion that you have an opportunity of showing your real

\ worth to the Company by preserving a courteous, calm and

h dignified demeanor.

i Remember that you are carrying passengers from day

j, Ip day who are not accustomed to railway travel, and who

► find everything in connection with their "first trip exceed-
\ in gly strange. Such passengers need special consideration.

►

Sonre women are accompanied by irritable and obstreperous
children who are most trying upon the nerves. A little
kindly attention from you will help them to stand the strain.
\ ou may be handling American, European and Asiatic trav-
ellers, who are making their first trip on a Canadian Pae-
ltic tram. They have heard of Canadian Pacific efficiency
and courtesy and are on the lookout for a demonstration of
both. If you are true to the traditions of the service, you
will not disappoint them. Every day you are collecting
tickets irom people who control the routing of large vol-
umes of freight. They are judging the Canadian Pacific
Kailway by you, and if they are impressed by your effi-
ciency, courtesy and patience, their further patronage will
probably be assured.

n* ’ S *,? c °gnized that the present unexampled position of
the Canadian Pacific Railway is due in large measure to the
quality of the work of its employees and to their unswerving
loyalty and devotion to the Company's interests. We have
no monopoly of most of the traffic we are handling, and com-
petition is growing keener every day. If therefore the Can-
adian I acific and its employees are to continue to prosper,
the company must retain the admiration, the confidence and
the good will of its old friends, and it must also win new
tnends m ever increasing nubers.

As there are such vast multitudes of people who travel on
Canadian Pacific trains— over fifteen millions per year— it
would not be even remotely possible for the Company's offi-
cials to meet any large proportion of them, so as to foster
and develop amongst them the proper sentiment, while you
and the other employees through whom the public transacts
its business with the Company come into personal contact
with all these people. This gives you and the other passen-
ger conductors of the system, the unparalleled opportunity
ot making friends for the company of over 40,000 persons
every day of the year. Feeling assured of your pride in
being a vital part of our great transportation organization
and of your attachement to and interest in all that pertains
to its welfare, you can without doubt be depended upon
to do your part m binding more closely to it the old friends
and winning to it the new friends who are so necessary to its
continued prosperity.

Yours very truly,

A. PRICE.

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RAILWAY SHOPMEN’S

STRIKE CALLED OFF

Decision at Conference in Chicago—
Strike Started in Defiance
of Officers

The U. S. railway shopmen's
strike is off. This is the decision of
representatives of the strikers from
widely scattered points throughout
the country after an all day meet-
ing at Chicago. While the shopmen’s
representatives were in session, a
mass meeting of car repairers, re-
presenting about 27,000 strikers,
also decided to return to work.

The shopmen’s meeting was call-
ed by the Chicago district council,
which called the strike August 1, in
defiance of the international offi-
cers of the shop crafts who were in
session in Washington negotiating

with Director General Hines, of the
Railroad Administration.

•The Chicago leaders had estimated
the number of men on strike at
about 300,000. The railroads gene-
rally were severely crippled, espe-
cially in the Chicago, Boston and
Atlanta districts.

The end of the strike will open
the way for the international offi-
cers of the shop crafts to obtain
action by the Railroad Administra-
tion. The shopmen have demanded
85 cents an hour for the skilled
workers and 60 cents for helpers.

n

IN AGAIN, OUT AGAIN !

Flivver: What’s the most you
ever got out of your car?

Second ditto: I think seven times
in one mile is my record.

BAIL WAS REFUSED

Bail was refused the eight Win-
nipeg strike leaders by Mr. Justice
J. D. Cameron, of the Court of Ap-
peals, at Winnipeg. The accused,
William Ivens, R. B. Russell, John
Queen, A. A. Heaps, R. E. Bray,
Y. A. Pritchard, R. J. Johns and
George Armstrong, were according-
ly taken into custody by the Royal
Northwest Mounted Police and es-
corted to the provincial jail, where
they will remain until they appear
for trial at the October Assizes,
unless counsel for the defence can
obtain their freedom from one of the
other judges in higher courts.

Mr. Justice Cameron refused to
grant bail on the ground that the
eight leaders had broken their pro-
mises, when released on bail the

first time, to abstain from taking
an active part in labor unrest; and
that they had by public speeches
and other activities carried on a
campaign of an indiscreet nature.
He said he did not feel like taking
the responsibility of admitting them
to bail.

E. J. McMurray had pointed out
that these public utterances had
been made in order to raise the ne-
cessary funds for the defence. He
does not despair of^getting bail for
his clients, but says that success is
doubtful.

NOTHING LEFT TO SAY

Little Dorothy: Daddy, what did
you say to mother when you made
up your mind you wanted to marry
her?

iMr. Meek: I said “Yts, daar”.

Page 6

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

August 23rd, 1919.

Montrealers Lose Three-Quarters
of a Million Dollars a Year Through
Short Weight in Potatoes

Federal Law Urgently Needed To Protect Working
Classes Buying Staple Food In Small Quantities;
Peck Measure A Thing Of Wonderful Varia-
tions In Hands of Unscrupulous Dealers.

Montreal housewives lose nearly
three-quarters of a million dollars
every year through shortage in the
peek measure when they are buying
potatoes.

When potatoes are bought by the
bag, the law states that the bag
shall contain 90 pounds, or six pecks,
and generally the law is observed,
the housewife getting exactly what
she pays for. The great majority of
housewives, however, buy their po-
tatoes by the peck from the grocer
or the peddler, and instead of getting
15 pounds to the peck, seldom get
more than 12 pounds and often get
only 8 1-2 pounds, or little more than
half the weight they have a right
to.

The trouble is that while the law
specifies the weight of the bag or
the bushel of potatoes, it does not
specify the weight of the peck, al-
though the weight of the bag is reck-
oned on the basis of six pecks to the
bag. Through this omission in the
law, the peck is not sold by weight ,
but by measure, and a loophole is
given for considerable variance in
weight and widespread practices that
are downright dishonest on the part
of grocers, peddlers and other deal-
ers.

Practically no grocer gives 15
pounds to the peck, the peck mea-
sure of the average grocer rarely
containing more than 12 pounds.
When a big potato is used to block
the bottom of the measure, the total
weight is generally less than 12
pounds.

In the case of the peddlers of
whom there are 340 in Montreal,!
many of them sell potatoes from
measures with false bottoms, some-
times two and a half inches thick,
and also adopt tricky methods of pil-
ing the potatoes into the measure,
with the result that a peddler ’s peck
averages less than 10 pounds to the
peck, and the housewife loses at
least five pounds in every peck.

As potatoes constitute one of the
staple foods of the people and are
probably bought in greater quanti-
ties than any other food except bread,
it is easily seen what an important
part this short weight plays in

ESTABLISHED 1840

JOS. C. WRAY & BRO

UNDERTAKERS

ONE OFFICE ONLY

290 Mountain Street, Montreal

AMBULANCE HEADQUARTERS j

the high cost of living. It is nothing
less than a crying scandal that the
citizens should be robbed in this
way, for although there might be a
technical loophole in the law, the
short weight is morally a crime
against the people who cannot af-
ford to buy a bushel or a bag of po-
tatoes at one time.

What is urgently needed is a fed-
eral law requiring that potatoes be
sold by weight whether in bags,
bushels, pecks or any other measure,
and an agitation to that end is now
afoot and should have the active
support of the community.

As it is, any grocer or other deal-
er trying to give at present 15
pounds to the peck, has to face the
competition of perhaps hundreds of
short-weight dealers who are practi-
cally undisturbed in their trickery
and who can, naturally, sell their
peck for less money than the honest
dealer, as the ordinary housewife
pays no attention to the weight.

One big company in Montreal
which has its own waggons deliver-
ing direct to the consumer, and is
selling potatoes in peck or two-peck
bags, according to correct weight
of 15 pounds per peck, has had to
face immense trouble in competi-
tion with the sale of the short-
weight peck.

Potatoes are probably the most
staple food used by the average
householder, and probably in the
larger cities of the Dominion, seven-
ty-five to eighty percent, of house-
holders buy their supplies in peck or
two pecks. It is therefore regretta-
ble to find that in the Dominion
there is no legal protection to the
peck purchaser, similar to that af-
forded to the purchaser who can buy
in bushel or bag lets. On the face of
it, it is apparant that this is a dis-
crimination against the majority con-
sumer, constituting the working man,
who is at present suffering more
keenly that the wealthier classes, by
reason of the increased cost of liv-
ing. Although the workingman is
probably doing more complaining
against the high cost of living, still
he is not equipped in any way to
check the weights and measures of
his purchase.

In the matter of potatoes, mer-
chants are protected whereas the
average consumer is not. The pro-
gress of precision in the average
household is slow. We will speak
of a handful of sugar, a pinch of
salt, a peck of potatoes, where it

would be just as easy and far more
satisfactory to specify a definite
amount. Before the day of stand-
ardization the cost of distributing
food stuffs was much greater that
it is today, and at the first blush it
seems beyond belief that a staple
commodity like potatoes should be
lacking in thorough standardization
as to weights. A great many people
otherwise intelligent know almost
nothing of the conditions that enter
into the purchasing of 90 per cent,
of their household supplies. They
do not know that the ounce in the
drug store is not the same as the
ounce used in the grocery store, even
when the same article is purchased.
They do not realize that a peck of
potatoes under present laws may be
anything from 8 1-2 pounds to 15
pounds. If we would all take more
interest in the quantity of the mer-
chandise, instead of giving our whole
attention to the prices asked, the
dishonest methods of crooked mer-
chants would not operate so smooth-
ly. Today it is not possible to com-
pare the unit price of potatoes when
offered in the usual way of peck
unit and the practice of selling po-
tatoes by measures instead of by
weight has resulted in the introduc-
tion of many fraudulent devices. It
is a physical impossibility to get
more than 12 pounds of good sized
potatoes into a peck measure, and it
is possible to make the measure
appear filled, when only from nine
to ten pounds of potatoes are con-
tained.

Undoubtedly when the law r s were
amended which make it compulsory
that a bag of potatoes shall weigh
90 pounds, potatoes were selling to
cheaply that a smaller weight was
not considered necessary from the
consumer’s standpoint, but condi-
tions have changed, and the price of
potatoes has advanced considerably
in recent years, as a result of the in-
creased cost of fertilizer, higher
wages, higher transportation costs,
and increased cost of distribution, so
that today the average consumer can
only afford to buy peck lots, where-
as in years gone by he would have
bought a bushel at the same cost.

We cannot look for any immediate
reduction in the average selling price
of potatoes, but we can amend the
law so as to protect the peck pur-

chaser, in the same way as the pur-
chaser of a bushel or bag, is now
legally protected.

The potato company previously re-
ferred to as giving a square deal to
its customers, took the matter up
with: Mr. E. R. Decary, Chairman
of the Administrative Commission,
Montreal; Sir Robert Borden; the
Minister of Trade and Commerce ;
Dr. R. J. McFall, Cost of Living
Commissioner; and Mr. C. W. Bax-
ter, Fruit Commissioner. The follow-
ing are points from the correspond-
ence: —

LETTER TO PREMIER

July 25th, 1910.
To Sir Robert Borden,

Dear Sir: —

I wish respectfully to call your at-
tention to a grave miscarriage in
justice in the matter of selling po-

By Appointment
FURRIERS

To H. M. King
George V.

It is well to keep
in mind that a sharp
advance in Fur prices
is anticipated in the
early Autumn.

This fact is recofei.x-
zed by far-sighted
women, who are now
buying Furs for wear
next Winter.

Our models for the
Fall and Winter of
1819 - 1920 are com-
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in our show rooms.

405 St-Catherine St. West

MONTREAL

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*

August 23rd, 1919.

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Page 7

tatoes. The existing laws, as you
know, cover sales in bags of ninety
pounds but permit sale by measure
in less than bushels lots.

The law interpretes a bag ninety
pounds and a bushel sixty pounds
but there is no clear definition
what a peck should be.

In Montreal there are some 340
peddlers selling potatoes by mea-
sure and I am prepared to produce
sworn evidence that in many cases
only 8 1-2 pounds are given as
peck. Under existing conditions
false bottoms are used in peck mea
sures and padding is put in the bot
tom of peck measures whereby po
tatoes are laid, one might say scien
tifieally, so that the measure looks
full, when in reality it contains lit
tie more than half a peck.

I respectfully bring your atten
tion to this matter and would sug
gest that some law oe introduced
because fully seventy-five per cent
of the potatoes sold to the consumer
in Montreal are sold in peck lots and
the consumers are suffering greatly
under existing conditions.

Letter from Dr. McFall.

Ottawa, August 7, 1919.

Dear Sir,

I have before me yours of July
25th, and can merely say in reply
that I have gone into the question
fully with Mr. Baxter, Fruit Com
missioner, and have given all the
weight of influence possible in this
quarter to speed the matter which

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Lake Shore privileges.

Ask for free illustrated booklet.

Canadian Nursery Co., Ltd

801 New Birks Building
MONTREAL

Phone: Uptown 260.

Crerar was Minister of Agriculture,
and I know that he approved of
action being taken along the lines
suggested. I think it would be a
very good idea to bring the matter
very forcibly to the attention of the
Minister of Agriculture whom press
reports state is to be Dr. Tolmie. I
understand he is expected to take
office in the course of a day or two.

Yours faithfully,

C. W. Baxter,
Commissioner.

From Deputy Minister.

Department of Trade Commerce,
Ottawa, August 5, 1919.

Dear Sir,

1 have your letter of August 2nd,
addressed to the Acting Deputy
Minister of Trade and Commerce,
and beg to state that the matter
will have consideration, though of
course no legislation can be effected
while Parliament is not in session.
Yours truly,

F. C. T. O’Hara,

PUT THE GUILTY

PROFITEERS IN JAIL

he has in hand of having potatoes
sold by weight.

R. J. McFall,

Cost of Living Commissioner.

Fruit Commissioner Writes

Fruit Commissioner’s Office,
Ottawa, August 14, 1919.
Dear Sir,

I have for acknowledgement your
letter of the 11th instant and note
your reference to the contents of
Dr. McFall ’s letter. The acute short-
age of sugar in the Western Prov-
inces, which is causing the British
Columbia shippers very great con-
cern, has kept us very busy during
the past few days, and I have not
had an opportunity of personally
interviewing Dr. McFall relative to
the matter referred to during our
recent interview', but I hope to have
an opportunity of doing so in a day
or two, and I shall advise you.
Yours faithfully,

0. W. Baxter,
Commissioner,

To Call Conference

Fruit Commissioner Office,
Ottawa, August 5, 1919.

Dear Sir,

Your letter of the 25th ultimo,
addressed to the Minister of Agri-
culture, was referred to this office
for reply and would have received
my attention before thiis had it not
been for my absence from Ottawa.

I note that there is a movement
on foot in Montreal to forward a
petition to the Minister of Agricul-
ture, asking that some legislation
be enacted to make it compulsory

for potatoes to be sold by weight
and not by measure, and that you
w'ould like to lend your support to
this.

I think that in a previous letter
1 stated that we had hoped to be
able to call a conference of potato
growers and shippers to discuss the
question of potato grades and potato
weights. Some time ago we forward-
ed such a request to the Deputy
Minister, and we hope to receive
permission from him to carry this
out very soon. We did not propose
to call this conference, if permitted,
until the month of November, when
most of the growers would be able
to spare the time.

It is unnecessary for me to re-
mind you that when the question
of potato weights and grades came
up for consideration, Honorable Mr.

Said Wiseman Brown the other day,
“You tell me food’s extremely

high,

Aud often you’re obliged to pay
A doubled price for what you buy.

There is no lack of things to eat,
But these are all nearly controlled

By speculators on the street,

Who stocks- for higher prices hold.

From farmer down to retail man,
Indeed, it seems to be agreed

To carry on a gouging plan,

And in their schemes they well
succeed.

The way to stop all this appears
/^uite plain, the remedy won’t

fail:

Round up at once these profiteers
Aud put the guilty ones in jail.”

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Page 8

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

August 23rd, 1919.

Stye (Eattaiiian ffitailrnabpr

WEEKLY

The Official Organ of the Fifth Sunday Meeting
Association of Canada

Organized, Sept., 1916.

Incorporated under Dominion Letters Patent,
April, 1919.

J. A. Woodward, President C. P. R. Conductor.

J. N. Potvin, Vice-President C. P. R. Train Dispatcher

W. E. Berry. Sec. -Treasurer G. T. R. Conductor

Executive Committee.

S. Dale, C. P. R. Engineer; D. Trin-dall, G. T. R. Locomotive
Engineer; John Hogan, C. P. R. Assistant Roadmaster; Archie
Du fault, C. P. R. Conductor; E. McGilly, C. P. R. Locomotive
Fireman; W\ T. Davis, General Yard Master; W. Farley, C. P. R.
Locomotive Engineer; W. Davis, G. T. R. Engineer; M. James,
C. P. R. Engineer; S. Pugh, G. T. R. Conductor; Wm. Parsons,
C. G. R. Agent.

Issued in the interest of Locomotive Engineers, Railroad Con-
ductors, Locomotive Firemen, Railroad Trainmen (Switchmen),
Maintenance of Way Men, Railroad Telegraphers and employees
in all branches of the service.

Membership open to all who toil by Hand or Brain.

Yearly subscription: $2.00 Single copies . . 5 cents

PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
THE CANADIAN RAILROADER LIMITED

6G. DANDURAND BUILDING, MONTREAL

GEO. PIERCE, Editor. KENNEDY CRONE, Associate Editor.

An Jnuitatinn to tt|? flrtnr?

%

W ELCOME to the Prince of Wales! He comes to our
country as a fine, upstanding young man with a war
record, and an acceptable symbol of the breadth and
unity of the British Empire. If we err at all in the matter of
welcome it will be on the side of excess of friendship and good-
will. We will try his patience with many formal addresses
and the necessity on his part for many formal replies. Most
of these could be dispensed with altogether or sliced to twenty
words apiece, and everybody would be happier.

The Prince, after all, is just a human young man. He is
probably to a large extent ‘'fed up”, as other young men
would be, with the constant parade of himself and constant
scrutiny by other people. He probably wants a good time,
like any other young man, and although a certain amount of
formality has to be gone through as a matter of duty, it is a
safe bet that he sighs for temporary loss of princely identity. If
he would walk into the Railroader office under the name of a
plain citizen and put himself at our disposal as a plain citizen
for 24 hours, we’d give him a whale of a time that would warnf 1
the cockles of his heart and endear him to Canada more than
a series of stately functions or a carload of illuminated
addresses. The only danger would be that he might become
discontented with the Prince business, and want to remain a
plain citizen for ever after.

We’ll wager, too, that if he sees these lines, as he will un-
less some officious gentleman servant with a pane of glass in
one eye intervenes, he will say, privately at least: “By jove,
that’s right! I wish I could accept that invitation!”

Anyway, three cheers for the Prince !

K C.

iamb ani> Animals

O N Monday afternoon of this week a wagon heavily loaded
with pigs, sheep and a calf broke down on Notre-Dame
street, near Notre-Dame Church. A hind wheel had
come off. The pigs were within the framework of the wagon
itself and came to no harm except that they were badly fright-
ened and set up a chorus of squealing. The sheep perhaps a
dozen of them — and the calf had been in two crates piled up
on top of the compartment holding the pigs, and these crates
were thrown to the street. It was only after a wild scramble
in the quickly-gathered crowd that the sheep and the calf were
rounded up and returned to the crates, which had been placed
at the edge of the sidewalk.

Everybody, of course, was sympathetic towards the poor
dumb animals so suddenly brought close to hand in a crowded
city street, and within the shadow of one of the most magni-
ficent churches on the American continent!

Well, everybody wasn’t — not by a long shot! It was ob-
vious that the sheep were jammed so tightly and hurriedly in
the crates that several were in danger of suffocation, their heads
being crowded out of sight in the wool of their mates. All were
scared and some were hurt in the fall from the wagon and the
subsequent scramble. It was great fun to a number of men
and boys around. They pulled the tails and twisted the ears of
the pigs in the wagon, and the more the pigs squealed the more
these fine human beings laughed and joked. They pulled at the
wool of the sheep, squeezed their noses and forcibly opened the
mouths of the sheep, and they teased the lone calf unmercifully.

Several persons who wanted to save the animals from mal-
treatment and suffocation had some trouble in getting through
the ring of tormenters, but finally succeeded and did what they
could for the relief of the unfortunate animals. One sheep on
the verge of suffocation was freed just in the nick of time.

The incident was a nice illustration of both the cruelty and
the kindness that might go unsuspected in a Christian commu-
nity save for such a valuable public demonstration.

K. C.

®boBe HHouir innate

T HE “dime novels” or “penny horribles”, with their Dead-
wood Dicks and their Slant-eyed Sals, their overplus of
sensation and adventure, campaigned against for the last
thirty years by those seeking to direct the thought of the small
boy into proper channels, have been knocked into a cocked hat,
so to speak, by the modern movie serial. There is more vicious
“kick” to a reel of the movie serial than to a whole library of
“dime novels” and “penny horribles”, but nobody seems to be
paying any particular attention, not even the censors.

There are at least a dozen of these vicious serials running in
Montreal at the present time, and the small boy — and small girl
for that matter — who seeks a thrill in things get enough out of
them to compare with the effects of a galvanic battery. They are
not plays or stories. There is no plot beyond what will hold
together a constant succession of sensations, digging into all
the muck that the world holds and into a good deal more than
the world, bad as it is, ever experienced. One of these is “The
Mysteries of Myra”. It is produced by Wharton, Incorporated,
the story is by Edward Carrington, and the scenario is by
Charles W. Goddard, all of which advertising matter is gladly
contributed by the Canadian Railroader , free of charge.

This serial is an impossible concoction of the machinations of
a “Black Order” making use of occult powers for evil purposes,
and if the “dime novels” or “penny horribles” retarded the
moral progress of the small boy, this serial effectually rolls him
up and delivers him to perdition. There is no plot, and one
wonders what Edward Carrington was paid for. There js no
scenario except of the sort that any hack might do for board and
lodging, and against his better conscience. In it there is a Bert

August 23rd, 1919.

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Page 9

British Labor and

the Whitley Scheme

(Christian Science Monitor.)

Reese. The impression is given that this Bert Reese is a pro-
fessional medium of international renown — he is described at
the 1 ‘ famous Bert Reese ’ ’ — and he is used to lend force to some
of the absurdities and atrocities of the serial, rendering them
more absurd and more atrocious. If there is such a person as
Bert Reese, professional medium, residing in the United States,
we should mark him as an impostor first and try him afterwards,
if we judged from his manner of lending himself to such a pro-
duction as this serial. The acting — it simply will not bear
analysis ! Doubtless the poor characters in the story have to make
a living, but they might at least do it decently as night watchmen
or salesladies in a ten-cent store.

But the main point is that the thing is a rotten affair to show
to children, and it is being shown to thousands of them every day
in this city. Will somebody please stick a pin in the pants of the
censors ?

K. C.

Freight Car Capacity

of Canadian Railways

The capacity of freight ears on Canadian railways is shown in the
following table, which is taken from the annual report of the Depart-
ment of Railways and Canals for 1918:

1915. 1917. 1918.

No. Capacity No. Capacity No. Capacity
in tons. in tons. in tons.

Box 145,307 4,825,543 145,290 4,899,651 150,074 5,126,659

Flat 25,315 798,671 25,322 816,245 23,414 759,768

Stock 7,638 236,190 7,883 232,185 8,556 253,350

Coal *15,703 611,020 15,649 538,609 16,949 692,785

Tank'. . . . . 463 14,604 731 35,134 485 16,306

Refrigerator. •. 4,713 139,350 5,234 155,510 5,893 176,890

Other. 2,551 99,677 3,390 137,122 3,664 141,012

Totals. . . .201,690 6,731,265 203,499 6,798,456 209,026 7,166,770

The capacity of 217 cars was not reported.

THE GAZETTE’S

ANSWER

(Continued from page 1.)

union affiliations to live up to
and respect their contracts. In-
ternational trades unionism has
constantly educated the work-
ers to respect contracts, be-
cause it is realized by every one
that if the public in general
ever reached the conclusion
that a contract is habitually
disrespected by the employer or
the employee then trade union-
ism is bankrupt. There would
be absolutely no object, no pur-
pose and no gain in striving to
effect contracts between em-
ployer and employees.

We all realize, whether we be
rich or poor* whether we be em-
ployer or employee, that what-
ever is made by human hands
or developed by the application
of human brains develops im-
perfections. Contracts have
been broken by both parties.
We admit it sadly, and with
regrets but it is true. But it is
equally true that in the main
contracts have been well res-
pected by both. We are frank

to admit that we like to picture
the bull- standing in the placid
pool, with the shade trees fash-
ioning the pretty patterns of
the summer upon the green and
shaded banks, but once in a
while, for reasons that are hard
to understand, the animal will
just naturally leave its plea-
sant environment for the near-
est china closet. And then
comes the usual upset of all the
bric-a-brac. There is no use to
bluster, and it is of no avail to
cry. Tears will not mend the
broken pieces. About all that
remains it to gently lead the
energetic bovine back to the
slumbering pool — such is life.

NOTE. — In a forthcoming num-
ber we will endeavor to give
you our views as to the ques-
tion of strengthening the
contract between capital and
labor, and in the meantime
please believe us when we say
that we are earnestly in fa-
vor of justice for all — “for
justice all places are temples
and all seasons summer. n

G. P.

To those who have something
more than a theoretical acquaintance
with the Labor problem in any coun-
ary, but especially in Great Britain,
to those, that is, who know some-
thing of the "workingman in his
home, in his factory, and in his
union, it is quite clear that one of
the great stumbling-blocks to settle-
ment is distrust.

Rightly or wrongly, the British
workingman, in all too many in-
stances, is convinced that he is
being exploited. He reviews the
years of the war, with their ever-
growing disparities in the distribu-
tion of wealth, with their appalling
sacrifices, and their patriotic sub-
ordination of special interests to
general welfare. He recalls how, in
season and out of season, he inveigh-
ed against/ profiteering, and made
clear, in a thousand unmistakable
ways, -that, whilst he was willing to
make any and every sacrifice for
the good of the country, he was not
willing to make any sacrifice at all
for the good of the profiteer.

And then, having got so far, he
recalls how he was told, again and
again, during the war, now by this
authority and now by that author-
ity, that, as a matter of fact, there
were not any war profits, that war
profits were taxed out of existence,
and how that if the employers seem-
ed to be coining money at that time,
it all, or the greater part of it, ul-
timately came back to the State.

To-day, he looks around him, and
finds money apparently very cheap
and very plentiful. He finds that
much money has been made out of
the war. And so, as he views the
situation, he is inclined to conclude,
and the extremist in his ranks is
not slow to confirm him in the con-
clusion that he has been “ bought,
sold, and paid for”. And, once so
convinced, it is an easy step to the
further conviction that all commis-
sions and committees of inquiry and
other authoritative machinery for
securing adjustment, are but so
many devices for shelving his de-
mands and bolstering up the position
<>f the employer.

Now the Labor leader does not
think along these lines. He shares
to the uttermost the impatience of
the workingman at the existence of
the profiteer, but he recognizes
the stupendous nature of the pro-
blem, and the tremendous difficul-
ties facing the authorities in deal-
ing with it.

He also recognizes the good faith
of these authorities. He may disap-
prove, or only half approve, their
plans and schemes, but he is very far
indeed from ‘ ‘ lumping ’ y these plans
all together, and throwing over
them, almost without analysis or

judgment, the wet blanket of dis-
trust.

It is just the distrust that
threatens to stifle the Whitley
scheme in Great Britain. A calm,
dispassionate view of the matter
has, again and again, compelled the
conclusion that this scheme, which
aims at the establishment of “ joint
bodies of employers and employees
for consultation and decision on
matters of common interest”, was
based fairly and truly, and could
only be productive of the best pos-
sible results.

That the utmost cooperation be-
tween Capital and Labor is neces-
sary, if the utmost possible is to be
achieved in the great work of pro-
duction, is self-evident. The Whit-
ley council scheme is wholly con-
cerned with securing this coopera-
tion. And yet the six largest trades
in the country will have none of the
plan. The engineers, the miners, the
shipbuilders, the cotton operatives,
the steel smelters, and the railway
men are all alike, according to the
latest statements, “steering clear
of it”. Why?

An adequate answer would un-
doubtedly include many reasons, but
it would most certainly include this
one, namely, distrust. Os one au-
thority put it, recently, in -the co-
lumns of this paper, whenever or-
ganized Labor has succeeded in
concentrating his forces in a de-
mand for the Solution of any given
grievance, the result has invariably
been the appointment of a commis-
sion to consider and report. 'Labor
is tired of committees and commis-
sions, and, without being at all clear
as to the solution, has recourse to
the negative attitude of distrust.

A complex question is before the
country, but those men on both sides
who see most clearly are beginning
to recognize, first of all, that, by
some means and in some way, dis-
trust must be dissipated and mutual
good faith restored.

They see, further, that one of the
first steps toward this end must be
a recognition of the simple fact that,
in these days of ever-increasing en-
lightenment and change, even com-
mittees and commissions have not
stood still; and that because a com-
mittee or a commission was simply
a means of shelving an issue five
years ago, or even twelve months
ago, it does not, at all, follow that
this is its function to-day.

•Cooperation is necessary. Coopera-
tion cannot be secured without re-
ference. Conference cannot be pro-
ductive without good will. The res-
toration of good will, therefore, is
the first essential, and, to this end,
it is very earnestly laid upon men
of good will everywhere to “get
together* \

Page 10

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

August 23rd, 1919.

FORUM

Vt (3l/nd to Gf&gyTB/JTG -but tub tbutb

MARRIAGE OF THE

PHYSICALLY UNFIT

One of the most important changes
which the war has rung in for wo-
men is the awakening of the sex to
the necessity for transmitting a
heritage of health to their offspring,
for no greater torture can be imagin-
ed than that which pierces a moth-
er’s heart when she beholds her
baby, a twisted misshapen thing
that will never run or play like
other children, or when she gazes
into the lustreless eyes from which
comes no gleam of intelligence, and
vaguely realizes as she asks herself
why this hideous injustice, that the
curse has fallen, “the innocent
must suffer for the guilty”, and, as
she fiercely gathers to her heart the
‘ 1 thing” which should, by all the
laws of nature and birthright, be a
rosy, laughing baby a cry as of a
wounded tigress is heard, and an-
other is added to the long list of
women for whom life can never be
quite the same again.

The day has passed when it would
be considered indelicate for a woman
to question if the man she is to
marry is free from the taint of al-
coholism, tuberculosis, insanity or
venereal disease. Cases of young
women whose lives have been
wrecked through contracting vener-
eal disease following marriage are
too frequent to excite much com-
ment, but when legislation is enact-
ed which makes it a crime for the
physically or mentally unfit to
marry and propagate their kind, we
shall have fewer mental defectives
and other abnormalities to fill our
institutions.

Men demand certain standards of
purity in the women they elect to

marry, therefore a woman is equally
entitled to inquire into the character
of the man she is to take “for bet-
ter or worse”, and if a mother,
father, or the girl herself demand
from the man a “clean bill of
health” such as he might be requir-
ed to produce if entering military
life, or which is even necessary in
j some cases where a man is about to
fill an important civil position, the
right sort of man will not object
j 1° a searchlight being turned on
him, while such a course would un-
doubtedly show the other sort up
in his true character, labelled “dan-
gerous”’, and much misery might be
averted. This does not mean that
such a plan should be universally
adopted, but where the slightest

as we now incarcerate in our pri-
sons, murderers and other classes of
criminals, as a menace to society,
so also shall we regard the man in-
fected by venereal disease who dares
to flaunt the laws of God and man
by entering into the marriage state,
and bringing untold suffering on
future generations.

NURSING SISTERS GET

EXTENDED HOLIDAYS

‘A PLEA FOR WIDOWS’

PENSIONS”

Matrons and nurses in the service
of the Department of Soldiers’
Civil Reestablishment will in future
be granted leave of absence for two
weeks in every six months.

Ordinarily the civil service allow-
ance for holidays makes provision
for eighteen days’ holidays in a year.
This extension has, however, been
made for those on the nursing staff
in view of the arduous nature of
their duties.

The rear of typical Montreal slum dwelling.
Note the dilapidation.

By Rose Henderson
A gaunt and pitiful figure
At the close of day I see,

A woman, alone and helpless,
Caring for babies three.

Pale and thin and worn,

Shabby of clothes and sad,

Never a hope for the morrow,

Never an hour to be glad.

You ask, pray, why is she lonely?

Why is she worn and sad?

Why is she hopeless, disheartened?

Why can she never be glad?

Never an hour in the sunshine,
Always the wolf at the door;
Living in dread of starvation
tfn face of earth’s bountiful 9 tore.

Listen, ’tis an everyday story,

A blot on our nation’s fair name,
A cause that has driven hundreds
Of women and children to shame;
It has wrenched little babes from
their mother,

It has blasted innocent lives,
Sent hundreds of souls to destruc-
tion,

Crushed thousands of toilers’
wives.

She is one of the penniless widows,

A victim of industry’s greed,
Whose husband was killed while on

duty,

Producing for profits and need.
Now alone she must fight for her

babies,

Bowed by the weight of her load,
Black lies the future before her,
Always a hill on her road.

Ah, great is the nation whose

mothers

Have leisure to train and to plan;
Ah, great is a mother’s devotion
And sacred the children of man,
Oh, God, how long will we watch

her

Falter and labor in vain,

Before we arise and defend her
And lighten her burden and pain?

MAY THE BEST MAN WIN!

For the next few months
outdoor sports will be in full
swing, and suitable recognition
of the victor will find its best
expression in

A Mappin Trophy or Medal.

There is one appropriate for
practically every sport in a
choice of gold) gold filled,
silver or bronze.

Ma PPiH&Webb

353 St. Catherine Street West
MONTREAL

doubt exists, no girl should rush
blindly into marriage which she
may regret all the days of her life.

Recently a conference on venereal
! diseases was called by the Dominion
| Government and a Canadian National
| Council for combating such dis-
eases was formed, showing *that the
importance of ensuring to Canada
a race of well born citizens is fully
recognized. The cooperation of wo-
men is absolutely necessary in this !
work, however, and when the sex,'
high and low, unite to protect them- j
selves and their unborn children*
against one of the most deadly foes !
of human welfare and happiness, I
much of the misery that is to-day
chargeable to selfishness and bes-
tiality will be eliminated, and even

♦

4*

4

*

4

*

♦

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♦

*

4

4*

♦

*

4

*

♦

*

♦

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4

*

♦

+

♦

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4

4* ♦ •* -♦ 4* 4* 4* -♦ 4* 4. ♦ 4. 4, .j. + .j, ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

By Special Appointment to His Majesty the King

THE OGItVIE FLOUR MILLS COMPANY

LIMITED

Millers of two indispensable foods which are prime
favorites throughout Canada

“ROYAL OGILVIE

HOUSEHOLD” ROLLED

FLOUR OATS

MILLS AT

Montreal Fort William Winnipeg Medicine Hat

The Largest Millers in the British Empire

Canada Food Board Idecnae Noe. 411 to 3 - 372 - 418 and 2 023

4
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4
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4
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+
4
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4

4 *

4
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4
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4
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4

4 *
4

#
4

August 23rd, 1919.

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Page 11

t our scornsH letter

Glasgow, July 30.

In the midst of the present Labor
unrest one cannot help recalling the
thrilling wcrrds of Premier Lloyd
George, in a recent speech, that our
country must be made fit fo?’ heroes
to live in. We are certainly not
making a very good beginning. The
outlook is very gloomy, and the
workers are rising against the condi-
tions of life being imposed upon
them. It is the cry of the people
for freedom to live — the “Free-
dom of Free People!” What a
phrase! It has the breath of the
wind across our Scottish moors. It
sums up all the aspirations of the
world. From the beginning unto
now it is the goal of human effort.
In the last five years millions of men
have died, that it might be born.

What is the urge that drives us to
destroy ordered systems of govern-
ment, that will not *er us rest con-
tent under any rule that is not our
own? It is more than an idea, it is
a possession of the spirit. It is not
apprehended by those who are only
looking for machinery by which the
desires of men may be restrained,
their appetites checked, their activi-
ties directed and their longings still-
ed. Such ask why there is unrest,
why discontent, why under the ar-
rangements that exist, inevitable if
not admirable, men are not acquies-
cent, bowed to their circumsstance,
subordinate to their fate.

Such do not realize that to bind
the free spirit of man for ever by
the cords of any political and econ-
omic ties, however, cunningly en-
twined, is impossible. The story of
the past is a story of the slow order-
ing of society, the slow release of
the individual from captivity. The
sea does not more eternally fret the
rocks that bound its shores than
does the continual chafe of the spi-
rit of man under bondage dissolve
and disintegrate the structure of so-
ciety.

The dream of every statesman is of
the State, the static thing that shall
endure, changeless and unchanging.
It is a dream. There are better
things beyond. The path of man is
a pilgrimage, and divested of all its
religious significance we may still
say, here we have no continuing
city.

This then is the premise from
which to draw our conclusions in
this present period. It is a great pe-
riod in which to be alive. To those
who can visualize the mareh from
past to present, who can realize the
movement of the present, from this
vantage point of time, where the
world is a whispering gallery and
space and time almost annihilated,
there is an intensity of interest, an
exhilaration of feeling, never possi-
ble before. Old Empires down, new
States arising, East and West in
union and dissid.ence, all the boun-
daries of the world in kaleidoscopic

change, was there ever such a spec-
tacle to seize the eyes and stay the
breath?

’Tis all a checker-board of nights
and days

Where Destiny with Men for pieces
plays.

So old Omar, but in these days the
pawns are speaking, they are choos-
ing the squares, on which they will
remain. That is the outstanding
fact. The people are articulate.
They can speak and speak with pow-
er. And they are speaking, sometimes
with dreadful voice. The truth must
bs grasped that men and women are
women are avid of a share in the
work of reconstruction. They are
not content to discharge their part
in the making of a new world by
putting a cross on a ballot paper.
They desire to be employed, not only
for their own gain, but in the com-
mon service. That is the problem,
to engage the great army of volun-
teers that were so welcome in the
war, in the work of peace, to devise
some relationship between the citi-
zen and the State, that shall widen
his interest and deepen his sense of
responsibility. We have a gift for
solving political problems. Will we
solve this? If, and only if, we ap-
proach it in the belief that the end
of government is not to rule the peo-
ple, but to enable the people to rule
themselves, that the development of

government is without meaning if it
fails to secure everywhere and for
all time the freedom of free people.

Teachers’ Tribulations

Among the greatest problems of re-
construction awaiting solution is that
of Scottish education. A new Act has
been passed which has been acclaim-
ed as the Children’s Magna Charta.
Liberal provision has been made by
the Munro Act to place Scottish edu-
cation on a higher plan than it has
ever occupied. Great as its possibili-
ties may be, greater still is the ques-
tion of its administration. The suc-
cess or non-success of the Act: de-
pends on the teachers. At present
teachers are thoroughly dissatisfied
with their salaries. They look around
and find themselves out-f ought in
“the struggle of life”. They seek a
life that is no “struggle”. They seek
to be spared from the jarring recri-
minations so inseparable from indus-
trial disputes. Yet they are none the
less determined to pursue their just
cause to a successful Isue.

Teachers who expect just treat-
ment from the authorities are becom-
ing not unnaturally apprehensive of
the intentions of these bodies. They
find, for example, that the Glasgow
authority has appointed some 170 of-
ficials to administer the Act. The
salaries of the humblest of these are
in excess of those of their teachers.
Committees have been set up. Free
books have been sanctioned. No ex-
pense has been spared to ensure for
the official a reward adequate to pro-
vide a moderately comfortable stand-
ard of living. The vital factor —
the teacher — is last to be consi-
dered.

The significance of the present
Agitation for adequate salaries must
not be underrated by those in high
places. The vital force in the agita-
tion is supplied by demobilised offic-
ers and men whose minds have been
influenced by such promises as those
of a country “fit for heroes” and
of a world “safe for democracy”.
The Glasgow and Lanarkshire teach-
ers are determined that their just
claims shall be met. If the rates deny
them satisfaction — they have no de-
sire to prey on the rates— the Treas-
ury which they have done so much
to protect must disburse the differ-
ence. The teachers have been so
optimistic, so wholehearted and
energetic in their praise of the Act,
which can be made a Chidren’s Mag-
na Charta — but only with their
co-operation — that all these evi-
dences of the official mind on the
salaries’ question are grievously dis-
appointing. That their disappoint-
ment is only temporary, that the of-
ficial mind may be changed, is the
earnest hope of all who perform the
greatest mission on earth.

Ardrossan Housing.

The Local Government Board do
not approve of two of the schemes
for housing sites presented by the
Ardrossan Town Council, and suggest
that the Council should concentrate
on a third site, at Parkhouse Road,
which their inspector considers ad-
mirably suited for the erection of
the 200 houses.

A Literary War Worker.

Miss Mary Henderson, the Dundee
lady who worked so hard for the
Scottish Women’s Hospitals, has giv-
en excellent proof of her literary ca-
pacities. She has published a vol-
ume entitled “In War and Peace”.
“The Cargo Boat”, depicted in one
of her poems, carried her to Archang-
el with medical stores.

James Gibson.
«

LABOR SOCIALIZATION

At the International Trades Union
Congress, at Amsterdam, Karl Le-
gien, president of the German Fede-
ration of Trades Unions, strongly
protested against Russia, Germany
and Austria being excluded from re-
presentation at the International
Labor Convention to be held in
Washington in October. Mr. Legien
pointed out that while these coun-
tries were to be excluded, all kinds
of South American republics would
be represented, as well as Liberia
and Japan, with its 14-hour working
day for children. Samuel Gompers,
president of the American Federa-
tion of Labor, explained the view-
point of American Labor and replied
energetically to Mr. Legien. The
congress passed three resolutions,
the first calling for the raising of
the blockade on Russia, the second
for socialization of labor, and the
third fixing the standpoint of the
proletariat with reference to the
League of Nations.

K

MORE OR LESS

“Was she shy when you asked her
her age?”

“Yes, I imagine about ten years”.

♦ 4* 4 . + ♦ + ♦ + ♦ + ♦ + + + + *
4 *

TELEPHONE MAIN 73j0

♦

*

4
*

4
+

♦

4 *

♦

*

♦

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♦

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♦

| Dominion Express Building, MONTREAL
?

CENTURY COAL COMPANY

LIMITED

COAL

4

*

♦

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4

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4»-#-4i-e-4»-e-4* . j ♦4 , ~*-4'-*-4'-*-4 , -*-4 , -*-4 , -*-4 , ^4 , -*-4 , -*'4'-*4 , -*-4‘-*-4 , -*-4 , -«-4 , -*4 , '*'4 , -«-4 , -*-4*-*-4'

CLARK’S

4*

i Canadian Boiled Dinner

This Legend on the Tin is
a Government Guarantee of
Purity.

W. CLARK, Limited, Montreal

Canada Food Board, License No. 14-216

4> 4 . 4 . ♦ 4 * 4 * 4* ♦ * ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ •¥ ♦ 4* 4* ♦ 4* *■ ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ ♦ ♦ 4* ♦ ♦ ♦

jc age 12

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

August 23rd, 1919.

4*

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4 *^ 4 * ♦^♦ 4 *-»-

4 *^ 4 »^ 4 * j * 4 ‘^ 4 * ♦ 4 ‘^ 4 *^ 4 ‘ ^ 4 *^ 4 '^ 4 '^ 4 '^ 4 *^ 4 , ^- 4 *^ 4 *^ 4 *^ 4 '^ 4 '^ 4 *^ 4 *^ 4 '^ 4 *^ 4 , ^ 4 '^ 4 *^ 4 '^ 4 '^ 4 *^ 4 *^ 4 '^ 4 -^ 4 '^ 4 *^ 4 *^ 4 * ♦ *♦ + ♦ ♦ 4 <^ 4 *

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♦ *♦*♦*♦*♦*♦*♦*♦*♦*♦ + ♦*♦*♦*♦* 4

4 *^ 4 * ^ 4 ‘- 4 ‘^ 4 ‘^^ 4 ‘^ 4 '^ 4 ‘^ 4 *^ 4 *^ 4 ‘^ 4 *^ 4 ‘^ 4 ‘^ 4 ‘ ^ 4 *^ 4 «^ 4 «^ 4 - ^ 4 *^ 4 * 4.^4

ANOTHER CONVERT

HALEY & SON

LUMBER MERCHANTS

Gentlemen:— We want to tell you about the Goodyear Extra Power Rub-
ber Belting we bought for our new mill two years ago and what great satis-
faction this belting has given us. As you are aware, we bought this kind of
belting from you for the equipment of our mill throughout, even to planers
and matchers. We were skeptical at the time about using this belting on our
matchers, especially on the side heads, as that is a very trying place for any
kind of a belt. We concluded we would try your rubber belting, as we thought
then, as a makeshift. Now it has been something over two years since we belt-
ed up our matchers with your belting and the original belts are yet on these
machines and still giving good service. We thought when this belting of yours
had proved so eminently satisfactory that we would tell you just as we thought
about it and you know we are giving you this testimonial of Goodyear Extra
Power Rubber Belting entirely at our own initiative.

HALEY & SON.

>•- 4* 4* 4* ♦ 4* 4* 4* 4* 4* -<

4 ‘^ 4 -^ 4 ‘^ 4 ‘^ 4 *^ 4 *^ 4 *^ 4 ‘^ 4 ‘^ 4 ‘^ 4 *^ 4 ‘^ 4 -^ 4 '^ 4 '^ 4 *^ 4 ‘^ 4 ‘ 4 *^ 4 *^*^*^ 4 ^*^ 4 «^ 4 . ^4.^4.^

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•^ 4 * ♦ 4 **-

GOOD YEAR

MADE IN CANADA

4 ‘^ 4 ‘-^ 4 *^ 4 , ^ 4 , ^ 4 *^ 4 '^ 4 *^ 4 ;

4*

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4*

August 23rd, 1919.

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Page 13

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♦ 4*^4‘^4*^4*^4*^4*^4*^4*^-4*^4*-^4*^4*-» 4*^4‘^4*^4*^4*^4*^-4*^4'^4'«-4‘ #-*"*-4’-^4'^4*-*4*'*-4*-*4*^4«-*4*^4-^4«^*^.-> *-4* ♦*^4‘*«4* ♦*-*.

4''»4’~»4*'»4'*-4”*4"»4''»-

Almost Unbelievable
Power-Saving and Economy

Time and again industrials have told us not
only of lower belting costs, but also of in-
creased and faster production, time and
power saved.

To-day there is no reason for any plant to
buy belting on promises.

On file in our office are letters which enable
you to buy belting by proof.

Records of Goodyear Belting performance.

Records of extreme long-life, which means
economy.

Records of pulley-gripping non-slip qual-
ities which save power.

Records of work under strenuous conditions
of heat, cold, damp.

Records of strength and flexibility.

Records which prove that without Good-
year Extra Power Belting enough power is
wasted in Canada every year by poor belts
to reduce earnings of Industry’s capital.

Better belting, scientifically applied, will
save you money. Without obligation to you,
a belting man, trained by Goodyear, will
call and make a record of vour needs and
experiences. Our recommendation will
come from engineers Avho fit belts to con-
ditions. Phone, wire or write the nearest
branch.

The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. of

Canada, Limited

Branches: — Halifax, St. John, Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto, Hamilton, London,

Winnipeg, Regina, Calgary, Edmonton, Vancouver.

EXTRA POWER BELTING

* ♦ 4*

♦
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4.^4.-*4‘^»>^4<^4»-*4«*‘4«^4*^*l**'i-*4*^ 4*^ 4 , *-4'^4'-*- , > ♦4 , -*-4' ♦4*‘»4 , *4 , *-4 , *4*^4* ♦4*^4*^4>^4 < ^4'»4'^-|'^4*^4*’*'i**^«*f* , h-*4*«4'^4‘^4*^4*»4‘»4*«4«^4*^4.

i

*

Page 14

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

August 23rd, 1919.

*

*

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♦

THE

CANADIAN BRIDGE CO.

Limited

WALKERVILLE, Ont.

♦

*

♦

4*

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THIS SPACE

Taylor Forbes Company

4

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.$. ♦ + ♦ * 4. ♦ 4. ♦

RESERVED BY

LIMITED

Guelph, Toronto, Montreal,
Vancouver.

4*

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4 ‘

D. S. PERRIN & COMPANY

Limited

LONDON

CANADA

*<

Manufacturers of

HIGH CLASS

BISCUITS

AND

Confectionery

Exclusive Makers of the Celebrated

Dairy Cream Sodas”

“TIPPCRARY”, “VICTORY”

AND

“MAITO CREAM SANDWICH” BISCUITS

Sold by all leading Grocers.

*

4

♦

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4 *

4

August 23rd, 1919.

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Page 15

m-ttxttx-ux-ttx-u*

THE UNIVERSAL CAR

Dependable as the Locomotive

Because of its enduring and
dependable qualities, the Ford
Car appeals to railroad men
everywhere who are accustom-
ed not only to doing things on
time but to being at given
points at a specified time.

The Ford Car enables you to
do this in a manner that is
more than satisfactory.

Ford Motor Company of Canada, Limited

FORD, ONTARIO.

T
V

|

t

DOMINION TEXTILE 1

COMPANY - LIMITED

MONTREAL

MANUFACTURING

All lines of White and Grey Cot-
tons, Prints, Sheetings, Shirtings,
Pillow Cottons, Long Cloths, Cam- *
bric ? Ducks, Bags, Twills, Drills,
Quilts, Bureau Covers, Towels and
Towelling, Yarns, Blankets, Rugs,
Twines

And numerous other lines used by
Manufacturers in Rubber
and other Trades.

WINNIPEG

MANITOBA

Master Mechanic’ SB? Overalls,

GIVE YOU YOUR MONEY S WORTH

They are work garments with the “slouch*' left
out — they prove that overalls may be as dressily
as a good suit of clothes.

“Master Mechanics’* will keep their
color and freshness — the cl >th used in
their manufacture is dyed with genuine
indigo, an expensive vegetable blue
which neither sun nor rain will bleach.

Added to these important points of cut
and color are many things found only
in the “Master Mechanic** line* Seven
large pockets in overalls and six in
coat — two of these aiM combination
watch and pencil pocke\s. cinder -proof
collar ; removable brass buttons on coat;
four-piece sliding web suspenders, with
no-slip brass fasteners; high ba*k, high
bib, and extra roomy seat. \V seams are
double stitched, vital parts ate re inforced,
fly and side openings are faced to prevent
tearing, buttonholes are whin -stitched.

And, in the hip pocket of every suit is our
ironclad guarantee — Buy “Master Meehan-
ics” and know real overaU comfort.

Western King Manufacturing Co.

, ♦

For Goodness,
Quality and
Popularity

l ♦

i JTAIJ |

| CHEWING TOBACCO |

| 'SoOiL *

| T

? *

* *

♦ has firmly established

♦ its reputation all over *

♦ *

? Canada. ♦

I T

♦ ♦
♦ *
• ♦

+ ♦ * ♦ * * ♦ * ♦ * -♦ + ♦ * ♦ * -♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Page 16

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

August 23rd, 1919.

4*

*

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4

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- 4» 4* -•-< 4* ♦ 4* ♦- 4* ♦ 4» -♦ 4* ♦ 4* 4* 4* 4* 4* 4* 4* -♦ 4* 4* 4* -*• 4* 4* 4* 4* ♦- 4* ♦

EAT MORE BREAD

Because Bread is your Essential
Diet — Eat More of It.

Canada Bread

Is a bread of such high quality — such excel-
lence in taste and flavor — such attractiveness
because of the uniformly browned loaves — the
tested wholesomeness — and altogether good-
ness — that it’s not to be wondered at that the
people eat more CANADA BREAD — and the
sales records are proof that the more they eat
of it — the more they want to eat of it.

Great Modern Bakery Plants at Toronto, Montreal
and Winnipeg

“THE QUALITY GOES IN BEFORE
THE NAME GOES ON’’

4 *«- 4 *^ 4 *

4* ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ^ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ^ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ^ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ 4-f ♦ 4* ^ 4* ^

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►•4*

+ *+*+*++ ♦ 4 ‘^ 4 *-^ 4 ‘^ 4 *^ 4 *^ 4 ‘^ 4 *^ 4 '^ 4 *^ 4 *^ 4 *^ 4 *^ 4 *^ 4 *-»-

♦ l

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j THE PEOPLE KNOW BEST r

♦ • pM

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COMFORT SOAP

♦

4*

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4*

4

4*

♦

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♦

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♦

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HAS

A FAR LARGER SALE

THAN ANY OTHER
SOAP IN CANADA

► 4 - ♦ 4 * ♦ 4 * ^ 4 * ♦ 4 * ♦ 4 * ^ 4 * ♦ 4 * 4 -^ 4 * ♦ 4 * ♦ 4 * ^ 4 * ♦ 4 * 4 * ^ 4 * ♦ 4 * ♦ 4 * 4 * ♦ 4 * ♦ 4 * ^ 4 * ♦ 4 * ♦

FACTORIES AT Cable Address “Sadler”

MONTREAL, TORONTO Western Union and Private Codes

Brandies:

ST. JOHN, N.B.j CALGARY, WINNIPEG, VANCOUVER

PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE

ESTABLISHED 1876

SADLER & HAWORTH

Tanners and Manufacturers of

OAK LEATHER BELTING

Lace Leather, Belt Dressing, Belt Cement, Belt
Fasteners

511 William Street, MONTREAL

“Leather, like gold, has no substitute”

4*

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Brown’s

Copper and Brass
Rolling Mills,

Limited

GENERAL OFFICES AND MILLS:

NEW TORONTO, Ontario

Cable Address: “COPPERBRAS

4* 4* ♦ 4* 4* ♦ 4* 4* 4* 4* 4* 4* -*■ 4* -*■< 4* -*• 4* 4« 4* 4. 41 4. 4, 4, 4

♦ 4*-*-
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4*

4

4*

4

4»

4

4

4*

4

4*

4

4*

4

4*

4

4»

4

4*

4*-*-